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FRAENKEL PRIZE Richard Evans, professor of history at Birkbeck College, University of London, has been awarded the Fraenkel prize in contemporary history, general section, for his manuscript From Execution to Extermination: Capital Punishment in Germany 1919-1945.

ENERGY CONGRESS Gold medals in recognition of contributions to promotion of science, technology and education in the field of renewable energy were presented by the ambassador of Bahrain at the World Renewable Energy Congress in September to: A. Badran, deputy director general of Unesco; Y. Hamakawa, director of the Institute of Extreme Materials, Osaka University; L. Kazmerski, principal scientist at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, US; Ian Mays, director and general manager of Renewable Energy Systems Ltd, Brian Norton, professor of the built environment, University of Ulster. A medal has also been presented to Ali Sayigh, congress chairman.

UNIVERSITY OF SWANSEA A. G. Brenton of the University of Wales Mass Spectrometry Research Unit has been presented with the Curt Brunnee Research Award, sponsored by Finnigan MATT Europe for outstanding achievements in the development of instrumentation in mass spectrometry.