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An analysis in The Dowling Review of?Business-University Research Collaborations finds that the three most cited companies in this part of the REF were GSK, Pfizer and AstraZeneca.

In the life sciences, business interactions appear to focus on a small number of firms, as universities cited two firms in almost a quarter of submissions, says the report published on 2?July. By contrast, the two most popular companies cited as working with universities in the physical sciences and engineering accounted for 8?per cent of all collaborations in this area.

Across the four disciplinary areas of?the REF, 171 companies are mentioned in more than five case studies, and 10 companies feature in case studies submitted to all panels.

Case studies submitted to the physical sciences and engineering panel had the largest total number of companies mentioned, followed by the social sciences panel, life sciences panel and arts and humanities panel.

holly.else@tesglobal.com