英国硕士国际生费用现近年最大涨幅

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英国硕士国际生费用现近年最大涨幅

<榴莲视频 class="standfirst">该费用标准很可能在疫情前就已确定，但如果疫情导致招生人数下降，这一变化或有助于大学应对财务困难

八月 13, 2020

Simon Baker

People looking up at pinned mementos left on the ceiling.

Source: Reuters

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根据一项最新的年度调查，尽管面临全球疫情，欧盟以外国际学生攻读英国硕士学位的平均学费却出现了近几年来最大幅增长。

《完全大学指南》（Complete University Guide）针对英国大学进行的年度费用调查显示，在2020/21学年在英国就读课堂授课式研究生课程的海外学生平均须支付16081英镑，比上一年增加近1000英镑。

这6.5%的增长是去年涨幅的两倍以上，并且比历年的数据都高——过去几年的增长通常在4%至4.5%之间。实验室授课式硕士课程学费也增长了6.4%，平均达到18613英镑，也是近年来最大涨幅。

海外学生的惭叠础课程费用也上涨了6%以上，但过去几年该类课程的费用波动幅度本就很大，比如在2019/20学年仅增加1.9%、在2018/19学年增加高达6.7%。

鉴于一些大学目前仍然采取在线授课的方式，不少今年秋季入学的国际学生可能会对这样的涨幅感到吃惊。一些观察家曾建议，由于疫情大流行导致大学从面对面教学转移到线上教学，那么校方应该考虑降低学费标准。

海外生学费的上涨或将有助于减缓因疫情导致海外学生需求下降而带来的经济损失。

然而，泰晤士高等教育了解到，这不太可能是此次学费增长背后的普遍原因，因为大多数学校的国际学费标准应该在疫情暴发前就已经公布、宣传费用标准，而不太容易在今年春季再进行调整。

高等教育政策研究所（Higher Education Policy Institute）政策与倡导主任雷切尔·休伊特（Rachel Hewitt）表示，疫情大流行之前的迹象表示，即使学费上涨，海外学生的需求也将保持不变。

但她说，现在秋季学费的大幅上涨可能意味着，大学将有义务尽可能安全地提供面对面授课，同时又要着重于保持和提升在线教学的质量。

她补充说：“过去几个月来，大学所能提供的在线教学必须被非常迅速地整合在一起，现在他们有机会来反思一下哪些方法效果良好。”

同一份调查显示，在其他地方，英国和欧盟学生攻读课堂授课式硕士课程的费用也上涨了近6%，平均达到约8400英镑。不过，这是自2017/18学年以来最小涨幅。实验室授课式的硕士课程学费涨幅更大，以9%的增速达到目前的近9650英镑。

英国研究生教育理事会（UK Council for Graduate Education）副主席吉莉安·休斯顿（Gillian Houston）表示，很难确切查明所有费用变动背后的因素，而且学费的平均水平经常会因某些大学的高级课程而被扭曲。

不过，她认为对希望攻读硕士课程的英国学生而言，鉴于大学目前面临的财务危机，一些“大学应该会尽量保持较低的学费标准，以期许多以一等学位毕业的学生……将被鼓励立即申请学生贷款并攻读研究生学位”。

她说，来年针对欧盟学生的学费也可能发生重要变化，届时来自欧盟的学生将面对与其他国家海外学生相同的学费水平，并且无法获得英国政府的学生贷款。

休斯顿博士说：“在我们（于7月在线举行）的年度会议上，预计英国的研究生课程在2020/21年度将受到欧盟申请者的欢迎，因为从2021/22学年后，他们必须按统一海外标准来支付学费。”她说，这意味着大学在设定费用时很有可能考虑到了这一点。

simon.baker@timeshighereducation.com?

本文由Liu Jing为泰晤士高等教育翻译。

<榴莲视频 style="text-align: center;">Full fees survey table for 2020-21

Institution	PGT home/EU classroom (?s)	PGT home/EU lab (?s)	PGT overseas classroom (?s)	PGT overseas lab (?s)	MBA home/EU (?s)	MBA overseas (?s)

Source: Complete University Guide

Notes:?All fees relate to full-time fees per year (unless otherwise stated).?? Figures are from 2019-20. ? MBA part-time or modular fee.??? May be a course fee.? A “–” indicates N/A or that no data were supplied.

Where the numbers come from

Data are based on a?. The survey results have been published annually since 2002, when Mike Reddin first presented them.

Institutions were asked to provide a typical fee, although some chose to provide a range. Figures are for guidance only. Fees for specific courses may vary from those shown. The averages published in the article exclude institutions that provided a range.

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The Knowledge Partnership has been publishing our Tuition Fees Benchmarking Tool since 2012 so it is really interesting to compare the results from the survey with the published fees. TKP collect the published fees (both International and UK/EU), for all university courses in the UK at both undergraduate and postgraduate taught level and as such can provide a more accurate view of the trends in fees. Examining the data indicates that International fees for classroom and lab based courses have increased by around 5% each year since 2017/18, not just in 2018/19 or 2020/21. The percentage increase figures reported in the article are different to the increases we see using the data in the Fees Benchmarking Tool. For classroom based courses international fees increased by 5.1% in 2017/18, 4.8% in 2018/19 and 4.9% in 2020/21. A similar increase can be seen in lab based courses: 5.2% in 2017/18, 4.3% in 2018/19 and 4.6% in 2020/21. This indicates that fees at universities have not increased in 2020/21 by any more than in previous years. For MBAs the picture is slightly more complicated. Just over a third of universities (36%) offering an MBA charge the same fee to both International and UK/EU students. Using the benchmarking tool we can see a steady increase in MBA fees, that, in recent years, is broadly in line with the increase in fees for classroom and lab based programmes. (For international fees: 2.5% 2017/18, 4.6% in 2018/19 and 5.0% in 2020/21). The final thoughts we have are around the timing for fees setting. As the article points out the fees for 2020/21 would have been decided before the covid-19 pandemic hit the UK. In our experience most universities publish their fees between September and January for the following academic year, which means the decision making process around this happens much earlier in Spring, so the fees for 2020/21 would have been set in 2019, up to a year before the pandemic when there was no indication that the 2020/21 academic year would be any different to 2019/20. The fees setting process for 2021/22 will have been taking place during lockdown so it will be interesting to see whether or not universities choose to increase fees by more than inflation or to hold or decrease their fees as THE are reporting is happening in the US.