Dame Nicola Brewer held the position since 2009 until last year and is also a former commissioner of the Equality and Human Rights Commission.
She will take up her position as vice-provost (international) on 7 May, following the retirement of Michael Worton in September last year.
UCL has not opted to open up any undergraduate campuses abroad, unlike other institutions such as the University of Nottingham, but has instead established specialised graduate research centres in locations such as Qatar and Australia.
She will be responsible for “developing a coherent and inspirational vision for the university’s international activity and raising UCL’s profile globally”, according to a statement from the university.
“I am absolutely delighted to be joining UCL, London’s global university and one of the world’s leading universities,” Dame Nicola said in the statement.
“I am particularly pleased to be coming to the first university in England to admit women on equal terms with men. And it’s an exciting time to join the provost’s senior management team at a time when UCL’s strategy, in which international engagement features strongly, is being refreshed,” she continued.